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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT

For the transition period from ________ to _________

Commission File Number:  000-55585

Grom Social Enterprises, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 287-5776

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ    No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes þ    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨     No þ

As of August 14, 2019, 149,909,803 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

Table of Contents

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ON FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based upon our current assumptions, expectations, and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on our business. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “approximately,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “ongoing,” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. This information may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Factors that may cause or contribute actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, for example:

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Report. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or other information contained herein. Stockholders and potential investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements in this Report are reasonable, we cannot assure stockholders and potential investors that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved.

These forward-looking statements represent our intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions, and beliefs about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors. Considering these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the events described in the forward-looking statements might not occur or might occur to a different extent or at a different time than we have described. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, a change in events, conditions, circumstances or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) (continued)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

GROM SOCIAL ENTERPRISES, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Unaudited Financial Statements

We operate our business through the following five wholly-owned subsidiaries:

Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the twelve-month period following the date of these financial statements. On a consolidated basis, the Company has incurred significant operating losses since inception.

The Company does not expect that existing operational cash flow will be sufficient to fund presently anticipated operations and has incurred significant operating losses since inception and has a working capital deficit which raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Therefore, the Company will need to raise additional funds and is currently exploring alternative sources of financing. Historically, the Company has raised capital through private placements, convertible debentures and officer loans as an interim measure to finance working capital needs and may continue to raise additional capital through the sale of common stock or other securities, and short-term loans. The Company will be required to continue to so until its consolidated operations become profitable. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in raising sufficient capital when needed.

Management’s Representation of Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company without audit pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted as allowed by such rules and regulations, and management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These consolidated financial statements include all of the adjustments, which in the opinion of management are necessary to a fair presentation of financial position and results of operations. All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2018 and 2017, as presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 16, 2019 with the SEC.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and are expressed in United States dollars. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Grom Social, TD Holdings, GES, GNS, and IAL.

TD Holdings was acquired on July 1, 2016; and GES was formed in January 2017 to manage the NetSpective assets and business which were acquired on January 1, 2017. GNS, which was formed in April 2017, has not recorded any material activity through the date of this Report.

All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable and inventories, purchase price allocation of acquired businesses, impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill, valuation of financial instruments, income taxes, and contingencies. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known or expected trends and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable given the quality of information available as of the date of these financial statements. The results of these assumptions provide the basis for making estimates about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The guidance provided in ASC Topic 606 ("ASC 606") requires entities to use a five-step model to recognize revenue by allocating the consideration from contracts to performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration that the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also requires new disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. ASC 606 also includes Subtopic 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs - Contracts with Customers, which requires the deferral of incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. This new guidance was initially effective for annual reporting periods (including interim reporting periods within those periods) beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption was not permitted. However, in July 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date of this ASU by one year for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted as of the original effective date. As a result, the effective date for the Company is January 1, 2018.

Entities have the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified approach to adopt the guidance. The Company adopted this ASU in accordance with the modified retrospective method, effective January 1, 2018, for all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018, are presented under ASC 606 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with legacy GAAP.

Under the applicable revenue recognition guidance for fiscal years 2017 and prior, these transactions were recognized when the amounts were billed to the customer.

As a result of the Company’s transition to ASC 606, the Company recorded a net change in beginning retained earnings of $263,741 on January 1, 2018, due to the cumulative effect of adopting ASC 606. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded a total of $3,707,458 of animation revenue from contracts with customers which include $101,643 in additional revenue as a result of the adoption of ASC 606.

Animation Revenue

Under ASC 606, the Company’s animation revenues are generated primarily from contracts with customers for preproduction and production services related to the development of animated movies and television series. TDA preproduction activities include producing storyboards, location design, model and props design, background color and color styling. For production, TDA focuses on library creation, digital asset management, background layout scene assembly, posing, animation and after-effects. We provide our services under fixed-price contracts. Under fixed-price contracts, we agree to perform the specified work for a pre-determined price. To the extent our actual costs vary from the estimates upon which the price was negotiated, we will generate more or less profit or could incur a loss.

We account for a contract after it has been approved by all parties to the arrangement, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable.

We evaluate the services promised in each contract at inception to determine whether the contract should be accounted for as having one or more performance obligations. The services in our contracts are distinct from one another as the referring parties typically can direct all, limited, or single portions of the various preproduction and production activities required to create and design an entire episode to us and we, therefore, have a history of developing stand-alone selling prices for all of these distinct components. Accordingly, our contracts are typically accounted for as containing multiple performance obligations.

We determine the transaction price for each contract based on the consideration we expect to receive for the distinct services being provided under the contract.

We recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied and the customer obtains control of the services. In determining when performance obligations are satisfied, we consider factors such as contract terms, payment terms and whether there is an alternative future use of the product or service. Substantially all of our revenue is recognized over time as we perform under the contract due to the contractual terms present in each contract which irrevocably transfer control of the work product to the customer as the services are performed.

For performance obligations recognized over time, revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation, generally using the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost measure of progress for our contracts because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs to complete the performance obligation.

Webfiltering Revenue

Revenue from subscription sales for webfiltering at NetSpective is recognized on a pro-rata basis over the subscription period. Typically, a subscriber purchases computer hardware and a service license for a period of use between one year to five years for software and support. The subscriber is billed in full at the time of the sale. The Company immediately recognizes any revenue attributable to the computer hardware as it is non-refundable, and control of the hardware has passed to the customer. The advanced billing for software and service is initially recorded as deferred revenue and subsequently recognized as revenue over time evenly throughout the subscription period.  Adoption of ASC 606 had no impact on NetSpective’s revenues.

Substantially all of the revenue at TDA and NetSpective comes from North America in the form of animation and webfiltering services, respectively. Historically and going forward, TDA’s business is concentrated on five to eight key clients, that vary from year to year based upon discrete projects which become available based on the popularity of a particular TV series, or the expected acceptance of new animated series. TDA receives advance payments for a significant portion of the work it performs. NetSpective, as consistent with industry practice receives full payment in advance of providing webfiltering services over a period of one to five years. Revenue recognition under ASC 606 and historically was unrelated to the timing of milestone or advance payments. NetSpective’s business is focused on forty to fifty US-based school districts located in the US. Both TDA and NetSpective earn revenue via services transferred over time to the client. Approximately 10% of NetSpective’s business is recognized at a point in time due to the non-refundable sale of computer hardware associated with web filtering services.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Revenues from NetSpective contracts are all billed in advance and therefore represent contract liabilities until fully recognized on a ratable basis over the contract life. Animation revenue contracts vary with movie contracts typically allowing for progress billings over the contract term while other episodic development activities are typically billable upon delivery of the performance obligation for an episode. These episodic activities typically create unbilled contract assets between episode delivery dates while movies can create contract assets or liabilities based on the progress of activities versus the arranged billing schedule.

The following table depicts the composition of our contract assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

Fair Value Measurements

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing.

Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018. The Company uses the market approach to measure fair value for its Level 1 financial assets and liabilities. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The respective carrying value of certain balance sheet financial instruments approximates its fair value. These financial instruments include cash, trade receivables, related party payables, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and short-term borrowings. Fair values were estimated to approximate carrying values for these financial instruments since they are short term in nature, and they are receivable or payable on demand.

The estimated fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations and reporting units and long-lived assets used in the related asset impairment tests utilize inputs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company determines the fair value of contingent consideration based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis. The fair value remeasurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in the fair value hierarchy. In each period, the Company reassesses its current estimates of performance relative to the stated targets and adjusts the liability to fair value. Any such adjustments are included as a component of Other Income (Expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

The following table summarizes the change in the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risk. Terms of convertible and other promissory notes are reviewed to determine whether they contain embedded derivative instruments that are required to be accounted for separately from the host contract and recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair value of derivative liabilities is required to be revalued at each reporting date, with corresponding changes in fair value recorded in current period operating results.

Beneficial Conversion Features

In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” the Company records a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) related to the issuance of convertible debt or preferred stock instruments that have conversion features at fixed rates that are in-the-money when issued. The BCF for the convertible instruments is recognized and measured by allocating a portion of the proceeds equal to the intrinsic value of that feature to additional paid-in capital. The intrinsic value is generally calculated at the commitment date as the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock or other securities into which the security is convertible, multiplied by the number of shares into which the security is convertible. If certain other securities are issued with the convertible security, the proceeds are allocated among the different components. The portion of the proceeds allocated to the convertible security is divided by the contractual number of the conversion shares to determine the effective conversion price, which is used to measure the BCF. The effective conversion price is used to compute the intrinsic value. The value of the BCF is limited to the basis that is initially allocated to the convertible security.

Stock Purchase Warrants

The Company accounts for warrants issued to purchase shares of its common stock as equity in accordance with FASB ASC 480, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit with banks and money market funds, the fair value of which approximates cost. The Company maintains its cash balances with a high-credit-quality financial institution. At times, such cash may be more than the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured limit of $250,000. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts, and management believes the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk on its cash and cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms which are recorded at net realizable value. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based on management’s assessment of the collectability of trade receivables. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the amount of the allowance. The Company makes judgments about the creditworthiness of each customer based on ongoing credit evaluations and monitors current economic trends that might impact the level of credit losses in the future. If the financial condition of the customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a specific allowance will be required.

Recovery of bad debt amounts previously written off is recorded as a reduction of bad debt expense in the period the payment is collected. If the Company’s actual collection experience changes, revisions to its allowance may be required. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.

Inventory

Inventory consists of animation supplies used for the sole purpose of completing animation projects at Top Draw, and saleable computer hardware used by customers to facilitate the Company’s NetSpective webfiltering services.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost or fair value if acquired as part of a business combination. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method and is charged to operations over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The carrying amount and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the accounts in the year of disposal and any resulting gain or loss is included in results of operations. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:

Construction in process is not depreciated until the construction is completed and the asset is placed into service.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the future economic benefit arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill arising from the Company’s acquisitions is attributable to the value of the potential expanded market opportunity with new customers. Intangible assets have either an identifiable or indefinite useful life. Intangible assets with identifiable useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their economic or legal life, whichever is shorter. The Company’s amortizable intangible assets consist of customer relationships and non-compete agreements. Their estimated useful lives range from 1.5 to 10 years. The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets are not amortized but are subject to annual impairment testing unless circumstances dictate more frequent assessments. The Company performs an annual impairment assessment for goodwill during the fourth quarter of each year and more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of the asset may be less than the carrying amount. Goodwill impairment testing is a two-step process performed at the reporting unit level. Step one compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined by considering both the income approach and market approaches. The fair values calculated under the income approach and market approaches are weighted based on circumstances surrounding the reporting unit. Under the income approach, the Company determines fair value based on estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit, which are discounted to the present value using discount factors that consider the timing and risk of cash flows. For the discount rate, the Company relies on the capital asset pricing model approach, which includes an assessment of the risk-free interest rate, the rate of return from publicly traded stocks, the Company’s risk relative to the overall market, the Company’s size and industry and other Company-specific risks. Other significant assumptions used in the income approach include the terminal value, growth rates, future capital expenditures and changes in future working capital requirements. The market approaches use key multiples from guideline businesses that are comparable and are traded on a public market. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, there is no impairment. If the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, then the second step must be completed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Step two calculates the implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible net assets of the reporting unit from the fair value of the reporting unit as calculated in step one. In this step, the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the reporting unit’s assets and liabilities in a hypothetical purchase price allocation as if the reporting unit had been acquired on that date. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess. 

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates, strategic plans, and future market conditions, among others. There can be no assurance that the Company’s estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the goodwill impairment testing will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. Changes in assumptions and estimates could cause the Company to perform an impairment test prior to scheduled annual impairment tests.

The Company performed its annual fair value assessment at December 31, 2018, on its subsidiaries with material goodwill and intangible asset amounts on their respective balance sheets and determined that no impairment exists.  

Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances have indicated that an asset may not be recoverable. The long-lived asset is grouped with other assets at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. If the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the assets, the assets are written down to the estimated fair value.

The Company evaluated the recoverability of its long-lived assets on December 31, 2018 on its subsidiaries with material amounts on their respective balance sheets and determined that no impairment exists.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under FASB ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. Under FASB ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under FASB ASC 740, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. FASB ASC 740-10-05, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities.

The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company assesses the validity of its conclusions regarding uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis to determine if facts or circumstances have arisen that might cause it to change its judgment regarding the likelihood of a tax position’s sustainability under audit.

Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" (ASC 842). The standard requires lessees to recognize almost all leases on the balance sheet as a right of use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability and requires leases to be classified as either an operating or a finance type lease. The standard excludes leases of intangible assets or inventory. The standard became effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2019. The Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach, by applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. Results and disclosure requirements for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting under ASC 840. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the standard, which also allowed the Company to carry forward historical lease classifications. The Company also elected the practical expedient related to treating lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all equipment leases as well as electing a policy exclusion permitting leases with an original lease term of less than one year to be excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities.

Under ASC 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. For this purpose, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of commencement. As most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company estimated the incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset also includes any lease payments made prior to commencement and is recorded net of any lease incentives received. The Company lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options.

Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities, current and operating lease liabilities, non-current on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As a result of the adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, the Company recorded both operating lease ROU assets of $1,032,898 and operating lease liabilities of $1,032,898. The adoption did not impact the Company's beginning retained earnings, or prior year consolidated statements of income and statements of cash flows.

Foreign Currency Translation

The functional and reporting currency of TD Holdings and TDAHK is the Hong Kong Dollar. The functional and reporting currency of Top Draw is the Philippine Peso. Management has adopted ASC 830 “Foreign Currency Matters” for transactions that occur in foreign currencies. Monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Average monthly rates are used to translate revenues and expenses.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net income for the respective periods.

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s operations are translated into the reporting currency, United States dollars, at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet dates. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates in effect during the reporting periods. Equity transactions are recorded at the historical rate when the transaction occurred. The resulting translation adjustment is reflected as accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of stockholders' equity in the statement of stockholders' equity.

Differences may arise in the amount of bad debt expense, depreciation expense and amortization expense reported in the Company's operating results as compared to the corresponding change in the allowance for doubtful accounts, accumulated depreciation, and accumulated amortization, respectively, due to foreign currency translation. These translation adjustments are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of the Company's stockholders' equity.

Comprehensive Gain or Loss

ASC 220 “Comprehensive Income,” establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in the financial statements. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company determined that it had items that represented components of comprehensive income (loss) and, therefore, has included a statement of comprehensive income (loss) in the financial statements.

Advertising expenses

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling and marketing expenses.

Shipping and handling costs

Shipping and handling costs related to the acquisition of goods from vendors are included in the cost of sales.

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. These potential dilutive shares include 20,380,780 shares from convertible notes, 25,517,850 vested stock options and 2,015,243 stock purchase warrants. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. 

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s accounts receivable at June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

As of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the Company evaluated its outstanding trade receivables and determined that its allowance for bad debts was sufficiently reserved. No bad debt expense was recorded during the six-month period ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018.

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, the Company had three customers that accounted for 42.6% of revenues and one customer that accounted for 23.4% of accounts receivable.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had three customers that accounted for 50.1% of revenues and one customer that accounted for 9.2% of accounts receivable.

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s prepaid expenses and other current assets at June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

Prepaid expenses and other assets represent prepayments made in the normal course and in which the economic benefit is expected to be realized within twelve months.

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s property and equipment at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

For the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded depreciation expense of $255,341 and $170,668, respectively.

The Company has entered into operating leases primarily for real estate. These leases have terms which range from three years to five years, and often include one or more options to renew or in the case of equipment rental, to purchase the equipment. These operating leases are listed as separate line items on the Company's June 30, 2019 Consolidated Balance Sheet and represent the Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The Company’s obligation to make lease payments are also listed as separate line items on the Company's June 30, 2019 Consolidated Balance Sheet.  

Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities commencing after January 1, 2019 are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Based on the present value of the lease payments for the remaining lease term of the Company's existing leases, the Company recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of approximately $1,003,203 in assets and $1,014,331 in liabilities as of June 30, 2019. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recognized approximately $186,484 in total lease costs.

Because the rate implicit in each lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments.

Information related to the Company's operating right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities were as follows:

The following table sets forth the changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill at June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s intangible assets at June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

The Company recorded amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization of $193,458 and $230,239 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Other assets are comprised solely of guarantee deposits at TDA which are refundable upon termination of contract or delivery of subject matter of the contract. These are initially recorded at cost which is the fair value at the time of transaction and are subsequently measured at amortized cost.

Trade payables are recognized initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at the undiscounted amount of cash or other consideration expected to be paid. Accrued expenses are recognized based on the expected amount required to settle the obligation or liability.

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s accrued liabilities on June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018.

Accrued expenses for both include approximately $138,000 for an estimated compromise settlement relating to tax deductions against supplier invoices in the Philippines at TDA. The Company in accordance with ASC 740-10 has determined that the recording of this amount is required because it is more likely than not that the tax will be assessed.

The Company has engaged the Chief Executive Officer, Darren Mark’s family to assist in the development of the Grom Social website and to create original content for the site. Since these individuals have been responsible for creating in excess of 500 episodes of original content. Mr. Marks wife Sarah; his sons Zach the founder of Grom, Luke, Jack, Dawson, and his daughters Caroline and Victoria all work for the Company either as employees or contractors.

The Company believes the amounts paid to these individuals is below market rate for the value of the services performed. This expenditure for services provided by the Marks family is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Members of the Marks family are actively involved on a daily basis in creating all of the current content for the website which includes numerous videos on social responsibility, anti-bullying, digital citizenship, unique blogs, and special events.

Liabilities Due to Executive and Other Officers

Messrs. Darren Marks and Melvin Leiner, both officers of the Company, have made numerous loans to Grom to help fund operations. These loans are non-interest bearing and callable on demand. No such loans have been made to the Company since the year ended December 31, 2017. The loan balances are classified as short-term obligations under Related Party Payables on the Company’s balance sheet.

During 2017 and 2018 Mr. Marks and Mr. Leiner on several occasions agreed to convert a portion of their loans into equity. These transactions are summarized as follows:

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding amounts due to Mr. Marks totaled $415,501 and $469,506, respectively, and the outstanding amounts due to Mr. Leiner totaled $416,722 and $451,944, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owed $50,000 to Dr. Thomas Rutherford, a director on its board, who extended a short-term loan to the Company. Additionally, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owed $108,573 and $210,145, respectively, to Wayne and Stella Dearing, collectively, who extended loans to Top Draw Animation. These loans were made to the Company to finance working capital needs.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate balance of related party payables was $990,796 and $1,181,645 respectively.

Other noncurrent liabilities are comprised solely of retirement benefit costs. The Philippine Republic Act (RA) No. 7641, mandates all private employers to provide retirement benefits to employees who upon reaching the age of sixty years or more, but not beyond sixty-five years, have served at least five years in the said establishment. The amount of retirement benefit was defined as “at least one-half month salary for every year of service, a fraction of at least six months being considered as one whole year”.

The balance of the accrued retirement benefit cost as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 amounted to $233,167 and $224,797 respectively.

Convertible Debentures

The following tables set forth the components of the Company’s, convertible debentures as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018:

The Company did not issue any convertible notes or debt instruments during the six-month period ended June 30, 2019.

First Amendment of TDH Share Sale Agreement

On January 3, 2018, we entered into an amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the TDH share sale agreement with the individuals that sold TDH to the Company (“TDH Sellers”). Under the terms of the First Amendment:

As consideration for the First Amendment, the Company issued an additional 800,000 shares of its common stock to the TDH Sellers.

Second Amendment of the TDH Share Sale Agreement

On January 15, 2019, we entered into a second amendment to the TDH share sale agreement (the “Second Amendment”). Under the terms of the Second Amendment:

As a result of the inclusion of a $0.27 conversion feature, under the guidelines of ASC 470-20-40-7 through 40-9, this element of the Second Amendment was considered an extinguishment and subsequent reissuance of the TDH Note as a convertible promissory note. As a result, the Company recorded a loss from the extinguishment of debt of $363,468 related to the Second Amendment for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Redeemable Unsecured Convertible Note - TeleMate

On January 1, 2017, the Company issued a three-year 0.68% redeemable convertible note for $1,000,000 (the “Telemate Note”) to Telemate.Net Software LLC (“Telemate”) in connection with the acquisition of the NetSpective Webfiltering assets. All Telemate Note principal and accrued interest is payable January 1, 2020. The Telemate Note is convertible at the election of the noteholders into the Company’s’ common stock at a conversion rate of $0.78 per share. Furthermore, if not previously converted by the noteholders, the Telemate Note may be converted by the Company into shares of the Company’s common stock at a rate of $0.48 per share commencing on November 1, 2019.

Under the terms of the asset purchase agreement, dated January 1, 2017, between Telemate and the Company, in which TeleMate had the obligation to collect certain monies on behalf of the Company, TeleMate failed to remit $146,882 it had collected on the Company’s behalf from NetSpective customers. As a result of TeleMate’s non-payment, and to avoid litigation, on January 12, 2018, we entered into a First Modification to the asset purchase agreement (the “Modification”).

Under the terms of the Modification, TeleMate agreed:

Telemate completed repaying its obligation to the Company in full in April 2019. In the event that TeleMate converts the Telemate Note, the number of shares converted thereunder will be subject to a one-year leakout agreement. In the event that TeleMate does not convert the Telemate Note by October 1, 2019, the Company has the right to force conversion at a conversion price of $0.48 per share.

Newbridge Offering

On November 30, 2018, the Company closed a private offering in which it sold 12% secured convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $552,000 and issued an aggregate of 730,974 shares of its common stock to nine accredited investors pursuant to a private placement memorandum and subscription agreement. The Notes which are due and payable two years from issuance are secured by certain assets of the Company and rank senior to all other indebtedness of the Company except for the $4,000,000 promissory notes (the “TD Notes”) issued to TD Holdings in connection with the Share Sale Agreement, dated June 30, 2016, as amended. Messrs. Marks and Leiner also pledged an aggregate of 10,000,000 shares pursuant to a pledge and security agreement to secure the timely payment of the Notes. The Notes are convertible, in whole or in part, by the note holder at a conversion rate of $0.40 if the Company’s common stock trades or is quoted at more than $0.40 per share for 10 consecutive days. The conversion price is subject to an adjustment resulting from certain corporate actions including the subdivision or combination of stock, payment of dividends, reorganization, reclassification, consolidations, merger or sale of the Company.

Interest on the Note is payable monthly in 21 equal installments commencing four months after the issuance of the Notes. Upon the occurrence of an “event of default” as described in the Notes, the interest rate will increase to 15% and the Notes shall become immediately due and payable. The Company may prepay the Notes in full at any time by paying accrued interest and 110% of the outstanding principal balance. Newbridge Securities Corporation acted as exclusive placement agent for the offering and received (i) $55,200, (ii) 113,586 shares of common stock; and (iii) $11,040, representing a non-accountable expense allowance, for its services.

Secured Convertible Notes 2018

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company issued to accredited investors in private offerings two-year secured, convertible, original issue discount (“OID”) notes for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,238,485. The notes were issued with OID discounts of 20%, or $247,697, have an interest rate of 10% per annum, are payable semiannually in cash, and are convertible into shares of common stock at a fixed conversion price of $0.50 per share if converted within one year of issuance and $0.78 per share thereafter.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company privately placed a series of secured, convertible, original issue discount (OID) notes with accredited investors for gross proceeds of $601,223. The Notes were issued with OID discounts of 10.0%, or $60,122. The notes carried an interest rate of 10% per annum, payable semiannually in cash, for a two-year term with a fixed conversion price of $0.78.

In connection with the issuance of the above convertible notes, the Company also issued an aggregate of 150,305 shares of common stock as an inducement to lend. These shares were valued at $78,321 with share prices ranging between $0.38 and $0.54 per share. The Company recorded the value of these shares as a loan discount to be amortized as interest expense over the term of the related convertible notes.

Maturities of the Company’s borrowings for each of the next two years are as follows:

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock at a par value of $0.001.

On February 22, 2019, the Company designated 2,000,000 shares of its preferred stock as 10% Series A Convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series A Stock”). The Series A Stock is convertible, at any time, into five shares of common stock of the Company.

On each of February 27, 2019 and March 11, 2019, the Company received $400,000 from the sale of 400,000 shares of Series A Stock to accredited investors in private offerings pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D, as promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). As an inducement to purchase the Series A Stock, each investor also received 2,000,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

On April 2, 2019, the Company received $125,000 from the sale of 125,000 shares of Series A Stock to an accredited investor in a private offering pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D, as promulgated under the Securities Act. As an inducement to purchase the Series A Stock, the investor also received 625,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

As a result of the issuance of the Series A Stock, we recorded a beneficial conversion feature and other discounts as a deemed dividend on our income statement of $740,899.

As of June 30, 2019, an aggregate 925,000 shares of Series A Stock were issued and outstanding. No shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018.

Common stock

The Company is authorized to issue 200,000,000 shares of common stock at a par value of $0.001 and had 147,268,620 and 138,553,655 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Common Stock Issued in Private Placements

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 1,233,333 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 1,233,333 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.30 in private placements for proceeds of $185,000.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, no common stock was issued in connection with sales made under private placements.

Common Stock Issued in Connection with the Exercise of Warrants

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, no common stock purchase warrants were exercised.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 256,455 shares of common stock for proceeds of $61,244 under a series of stock warrant exercises with an exercise price of $0.24 per share.

Common Stock Issued in Exchange for Consulting, Professional and Other Services

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company did not issue any of its shares of common stock to employees, officers, and directors. The Company issued 1,876,782 shares of common stock with a fair value of $458,997 to consultants and other professionals in lieu of cash payments for services provided to the Company.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 595,321 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $292,443 to employees, officers and directors in lieu of cash payments. Additionally, the Company issued 634,500 shares of common stock with a fair value of $335,250 to consultants and other professionals in lieu of cash payments for services provided to the Company.

Each share issuance made in exchange for services was valued based upon the trading price of the Company’s common stock on the OTC markets on the date the services were performed.

Common Stock Issued in lieu of Cash for Loans Payable and Other Accrued Obligations

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 99,720 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $26,940 to satisfy loans payable and other accrued obligations.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 285,627 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $171,376 to satisfy loans payable and other accrued obligations.

Common Stock Issued in Connection with the Issuance of Convertible Debentures

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 80,130 shares of common stock as a result of certain penalties incurred in connection with certain unsecured, convertible note agreements. The fair value of the shares aggregated $18,932 and was recorded as interest expense in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 328,371 shares of common stock with a fair market value of $198,260 to investors as an inducement to lend in connection with the issuance of its unsecured, convertible notes. The fair value of the shares was recorded as interest expense in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

Common Stock Issued in the Acquisition of a Business

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 150,000 shares valued at $52,000 in connection with the acquisition of the assets of Bonnie Boat & Friends.

Common Stock Issued in Connection with the Amendments of the Terms of a Promissory Note

During each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, we issued 800,000 shares valued at $480,000 and $220,000 respectively, in connection with the amendment to the $4.0 million TDA Sellers Note. See Note 12 – Debt for more information.

Stock Purchase Warrants

The stock purchase warrants have been accounted for as equity in accordance with FASB ASC 480, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and potentially settled in, a company’s own stock, distinguishing liabilities from equity.

The following table reflects all outstanding and exercisable warrants at June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018. All stock warrants are exercisable for a period between three and five years from the date of issuance.

Stock Options

The following table represents all outstanding and exercisable stock options as of June 30, 2019.

The Company did not issue any stock options during the six months ended June 30, 2019 or for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded no expense and $920, respectively in stock-based compensation expense related to these stock options.

In the United States, we lease approximately 1550 square feet of office space in Boca Raton, Florida for $4,227 per month pursuant to a three-year lease expiring on September 30, 2021. Our Florida office houses our corporate headquarters and administrative staff.

Our animation business leases portions of three floors comprising in the aggregate of approximately 28,800 square feet in the West Tower of the Philippine Stock Exchange Centre in Pasig City, Manila for administration and production purposes. We pay approximately $22,533 in rent per month for the aggregate space (which increases by approximately 5% annually). These leases expire in December 2022.

We opened a 1,400 square foot office in Norcross, Georgia on January 1, 2018, to operate our NetSpective division. The monthly rent for 2018 was $2,055 which increases by approximately 3% annually, pursuant to a five-year lease which expires in December 2023.

We believe our leased space for the present time is adequate and additional space at comparable prices is available at all locations.

In accordance with FASB ASC 855-10 Subsequent Events, the Company has analyzed its operations subsequent to June 30, 2019 to the date these consolidated financial statements were issued, and has determined that it does not have any material subsequent events to disclose in these consolidated financial statements, except as follows:

On May 1, 2019, the Company filed a consent solicitation on Schedule 14A with the SEC to obtain the approval of the majority of stockholders entitled to vote on an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized common stock of the Company from 200,000,000 shares to 500,000,000 shares. The Company’s Board of Directors fixed April 5, 2019, as the record date for holders of its common stock and Series A preferred stock who will be entitled to participate in the consent solicitation. A Notice of Consent Solicitation was mailed on May 1, 2019 to all holders of its common stock and Series A preferred stock as of the record date. On June 12, 2019, the Company filed Articles of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of Florida to increase the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 200,000,000 shares to 500,000,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the Company’s board of directors on April 4, 2019 and its shareholders by consent solicitation on May 31, 2019.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included herein. In connection with, and because we desire to take advantage of, the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we caution readers regarding certain forward-looking statements in the following discussion and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in any other statement made by, or on our behalf, whether or not in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information and which relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control and many of which, with respect to future business decisions, are subject to change. These uncertainties and contingencies can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on our behalf. We disclaim any obligation to update forward-looking statements.

Overview

We operate our business through the following five wholly-owned subsidiaries:

Results of Operations

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Revenue

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we generated revenues of $2,075,081 compared to revenues of $1,778,633 during the three months ended June 30, 2018, representing an increase of $296,448, or approximately 16.7%. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase of approximately $347,000 in revenues from our TDA animation business, offset in part by a decrease in revenues from our NetSpective webfiltering business of approximately $43,000. Revenues generated by our animation business and our webfiltering business are based on contracts which change from period to period. Until we can generate larger levels of revenue, the amount of revenue recorded from quarter to quarter may change based upon the timing of the completion of contracts.

Gross margin

Gross margin is calculated by subtracting the cost of sales from revenue. Gross margin percentage is calculated by dividing gross margins by revenue. Our gross margins vary significantly by subsidiary. Margins at our largest subsidiary, TDA are approximately 45-57%, margins for our NetSpective web filtering revenues are typically in the 75-78% range. Additionally, margins within subsidiary vary from quarter to quarter and from year to year due to the nature of the business of each subsidiary. Therefore, our consolidated blended gross margin will be subject to significant fluctuation from period to period until we increase our revenue. Current gross margins percentages may not be indicative of future gross margin performance.

Gross margin for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018 were 49.4% and 62.4%, respectively. The decrease in gross margin for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, is primarily attributable to more compressed margins in our animation business; offset in part by improved margins in our webfiltering division.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses were $1,843,068 for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $2,229,520 for the three months ended June 30, 2018 representing a decrease of $386,452, or approximately 17.3%. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, general and administrative expenses were $1,224,670 compared to general and administrative expenses of $1,575,698 for the three months ended June 30, 2018, representing a decrease of approximately $351,000. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in general and administrative expenses, which decrease was a result of reduced investor relations services and general cost cutting efforts undertaken by the Company, and stock-based compensation. Professional fees were $342,893 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to $300,424 for the three months ended June 30, 2018 which increase was a result of the timing of fees related to our year end public company reporting and compliance requirements. During the three months ended June 30, 2019 depreciation and amortization was $226,371 compared to $204,986 for the three months ended June 30, 2018 due to higher levels of property subject to depreciation in the three months ended June 30, 2019. Selling and marketing was $32,934 during the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $55,442 in the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Other Income (Expense)

Other expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019, was $294,895 compared to other expense of $211,205 for the period ended June 30, 2018 representing an increase in other expense of $83,690. Other expense is primarily composed of interest expense, and the increase is attributable to higher debt levels serviced during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Net loss

Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2019, was $1,113,254 compared to a net loss of $1,353,887 for the three months ended June 30, 2018, or a decrease in a net loss of $240,633 which is primarily attributable to increased revenue and gross margin driven by our animation business and a decrease in general and administrative expenses from cost reduction initiatives undertaken during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

Net loss attributable to common stockholders was $1,213,948 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 due to the deemed dividend of $100,694 paid to preferred stockholders. There were no deemed dividends paid to preferred stockholders during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Revenue

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we generated revenues of $4,041,941 compared to revenues of $3,811,305 during the six months ended June 30, 2018, representing an increase of $230,636, or approximately 6.1%. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase of approximately $346,000 in revenues from our TDA animation business, offset in part by a decrease in revenues from our NetSpective webfiltering business of approximately $104,000. Revenues generated by our animation business and our webfiltering business are based on contracts which change from period to period. Until we can generate larger levels of revenue, the amount of revenue recorded from quarter to quarter may change based upon the timing of the completion of contracts.

Subscription and advertising revenue generated by our gromsocial.com website and from our “MamaBear” mobile software safety application for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was nominal.

Gross margin

Gross margin is calculated by subtracting the cost of sales from revenue. Gross margin percentage is calculated by dividing gross margins by revenue. Our gross margins vary significantly by subsidiary. Margins at our largest subsidiary, TDA are approximately 45-57%, margins for our NetSpective web filtering revenues are typically in the 75-78% range. Additionally, margins within subsidiary vary from quarter to quarter and from year to year due to the nature of the business of each subsidiary. Therefore, our consolidated blended gross margin will be subject to significant fluctuation from period to period until we increase our revenue. Current gross margins percentages may not be indicative of future gross margin performance.

Gross margin for the periods ended June 30, 2019, and 2018 were 54.9% and 62.1%, respectively. The decrease in gross margin for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to 2018, is primarily attributable to more compressed margins in our animation business; offset in part by improved margins in our webfiltering division.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses were $3,920,284 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $4,312,827 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 representing a decrease of $392,543, or approximately 9.1%.

The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in general and administrative expenses and stock-based compensation. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, general and administrative expenses were $2,744,390 compared to general and administrative expenses of $2,944,244 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, representing a decrease of approximately $200,000. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decrease in general and administrative expenses, which decrease was a result of reduced investor relations services and general cost cutting efforts undertaken by the Company, and stock-based compensation. Professional fees were $633,662 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to $682,979 for the six months ended June 30, 2018. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 depreciation and amortization was $448,799 compared to $405,087 for the six months ended June 30, 2018 due to higher levels of property subject to depreciation in the six months ended June 30, 2019. Selling and marketing was $61,033 during the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $111,354 in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Other Income (Expense)

Other expense for the period ended June 30, 2019, was $1,013,676 compared to other expense of $473,953 for the period ended June 30, 2018 representing an increase in other expense of $539,723 primarily attributable to two factors. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded a one-time charge of $363,468 related to the amendment of our $4,000,000 promissory note issued in the acquisition of TDH. Additionally, our interest expense increased due to higher debt levels serviced during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Net loss

Net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2019, was $2,756,893 compared to a net loss of $2,445,009 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, or an increase in a net loss of $311,884. The increase is primarily attributable to a non-cash extinguishment of debt charge of $363,468, offset in part by increased revenue driven by our animation business and a decrease in general and administrative expenses from cost reduction initiatives undertaken during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Net loss attributable to common stockholders was $3,497,792 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 due to the deemed dividend of $740,899 paid the preferred stockholders. There were no deemed dividends paid to preferred stockholders during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At June 30, 2019, we had $856,052 in cash on hand compared to $633,593 in cash on hand as of December 31, 2018.

Cash Used in Operating Activities

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, net cash used in operating activities was $583,006 compared to net cash of $857,670 used in operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease of $274,664 in net cash used in operating activities is primarily attributable to an increase in non-cash adjustments, in particular the loss on extinguishment of debt we recorded of $363,468. Net cash generated by the change in our operating assets and liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2019 resulted in a net benefit of $601,299 as compared to a net benefit of $285,994 during the six months ended June 30, 2018, representing an improvement of $315,305.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities during the period ended June 30, 2019 was $194,276 compared to net cash of $249,252 used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2018. This decrease is attributable to a reduction in the amount of fixed assets purchased during the six-month period ended June 30, 2019.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $978,571 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $1,172,635 for the six months ended 2018. Our primary sources of net cash provided by financing activities were attributable to $1,110,000 in proceeds from the sale of preferred and common stock in private placement offerings during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to $1,186,135 in proceeds from the sale of convertible notes during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Our consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2019 have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for the next twelve-months. We have incurred annual losses since inception and expect we may incur additional losses in future periods. Additionally, as of June 30, 2019, excluding related party payables to our officers and principal shareholders which are not anticipated to be paid for the foreseeable future, we had a working capital deficit of $8,338,643.

We currently have a monthly consolidated cash operating loss ranging between $100,000 to $150,000, or approximately $1,200,000 to $1,800,000 per year. In order to fund our operations for the next twelve months, we believe we will be required to raise approximately $2,000,000. As of the date of this Report, we have no firm commitment from any investment banker or other traditional funding sources and, while we have had discussions with various potential funding sources, we have no definitive agreement with any third party to provide us with financing, either debt or equity. The failure to obtain the financing necessary to allow us to continue to implement our business plan will have a significant negative impact on our anticipated results of operations.

Historically we have funded our operations through equity issuances, debt issuances and officer loans. We hope to be able to continue to fund our operating losses in a similar manner but there can be no assurances that we will be able to do so or that we will be able to do so on favorable terms. Future equity sales may result in dilution to current shareholders and debt may have negative covenants

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the financial statements. The estimates are based on historical experience and assumptions believed to be reasonable under current facts and circumstances. Actual amounts and results could differ from these estimates made by management. Certain accounting policies that require significant management estimates and are deemed critical to our results of operations or financial position are discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, Critical Accounting Policies section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

We are a smaller reporting company and are not required to provide this information.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as of June 30, 2019, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2019 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act were recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Act Commission's rules and forms and that our disclosure controls are effectively designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Inherent Limitations – Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdown can occur because of simple error or mistake. In particular, many of our current processes rely upon manual reviews and processes to ensure that neither human error nor system weakness has resulted in erroneous reporting of financial data.

We believe that our financial statements presented in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the period presented herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the last quarterly period covered by this report that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings. 

There are no pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or in which any director, officer or affiliate of the Company, any owner of record or beneficially of more than 5% of any class of voting securities of the Company, or security holder is a party adverse to the Company or has a material interest adverse to the Company. The Company's property is not the subject of any pending legal proceedings

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on April 16, 2019.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Except as set forth below, there were no sales of equity securities sold during the period covered by this Report that were not registered under the Securities Act and were not previously reported in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company.

On April 2, 2019, the Company sold 125,000 shares of its Series A convertible preferred stock to an accredited investor in a private offering for $125,000. As an inducement to purchase shares, such investor also received 625,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock.

On June 20, 2019 and June 28, 2019, the Company sold an aggregate 1,233,333 shares of common stock with warrants to purchase 1,233,333 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.30 to accredited investors in a private offering for $185,000.

The above issuances did not involve any underwriters, underwriting discounts or commissions, or any public offering and we believe is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder. 

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.